關于(yu)木(mu)工機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)的含義。按(an)照從林(lin)木(mu)到(dao)家(jia)具(ju)(ju)制作過程中不同產品(pin)形態，可(ke)將機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)設備分(fen)(fen)為：林(lin)業機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、木(mu)工及人(ren)造(zao)板(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、家(jia)具(ju)(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)。狹義的林(lin)業機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)是指(zhi)用(yong)于(yu)營林(lin)(包括造(zao)林(lin)、育林(lin)和護林(lin))、木(mu)材切削(xue)和林(lin)業起重輸送的機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie);人(ren)造(zao)板(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)是指(zhi)用(yong)旋切機(ji)(ji)(ji)將原木(mu)旋成(cheng)單(dan)板(ban)(ban)，再(zai)將單(dan)板(ban)(ban)按(an)纖維方向(xiang)互(hu)相垂直排(pai)列膠合、壓制而成(cheng)人(ren)造(zao)板(ban)(ban)的機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie);家(jia)具(ju)(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)則(ze)是指(zhi)為制作家(jia)具(ju)(ju)成(cheng)品(pin)的機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)，具(ju)(ju)體按(an)家(jia)具(ju)(ju)材料(liao)又可(ke)分(fen)(fen)為實木(mu)家(jia)具(ju)(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、板(ban)(ban)式(shi)家(jia)具(ju)(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、竹藤家(jia)具(ju)(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)、非木(mu)質家(jia)具(ju)(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)。

國(guo)際上(shang)通(tong)常把(ba)家具機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、木(mu)材加工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、木(mu)制品加工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)納入木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)，不(bu)包括(kuo)人(ren)造板機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)和(he)(he)林業機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)。如意大(da)利和(he)(he)臺(tai)灣地區(qu)通(tong)常所說的木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)產(chan)值和(he)(he)出(chu)口額就是指按(an)這種分類所統計的數字。而我(wo)國(guo)的木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)通(tong)常把(ba)人(ren)造板機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、林業機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)并(bing)入統計。

全(quan)球木工機械市場現狀

當前全球木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)市場(chang)規(gui)模正在(zai)向(xiang)新興工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)國(guo)家轉移。歐洲市場(chang)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)占(zhan)據(ju)市場(chang)份額最大，其中(zhong)德國(guo)和意大利的木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)在(zai)產(chan)(chan)品的質量、品種及產(chan)(chan)銷量方面均處于(yu)世界領先水(shui)平。目前，中(zhong)國(guo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)市場(chang)已經具有相當規(gui)模，并且形成(cheng)了一(yi)個完整的行(xing)業(ye)(ye)體系，但是中(zhong)國(guo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)主要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)中(zhong)低端領域，仍有部分高端產(chan)(chan)品需要(yao)依(yi)賴(lai)進口。

中(zhong)國木工機械市場現狀

隨著(zhu)科學技術(shu)的(de)進步(bu)，我國(guo)木(mu)工機械(xie)(xie)已形成了(le)具有(you)(you)(you)規模的(de)行業(ye)體(ti)系(xi)，在(zai)科研(yan)、教育、設計和(he)生產方面都有(you)(you)(you)進一步(bu)的(de)提高。當前，我國(guo)約有(you)(you)(you) 1200 家(jia)木(mu)工機械(xie)(xie)生產企業(ye)，形成規模的(de)約有(you)(you)(you)144家(jia)，重點培養(yang)了(le)工程(cheng)科技人(ren)員超過6000萬，為我國(guo)木(mu)工機械(xie)(xie)產品走向國(guo)外市場奠(dian)定了(le)基(ji)礎。

過去十年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)飛速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，產業(ye)(ye)政策(ce)為行業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)保駕護航世界木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)行業(ye)(ye)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)在 150 億(yi)美元左右，市(shi)場(chang)(chang)正向(xiang)新(xin)興工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)國(guo)(guo)家轉移。從(cong)(cong)全(quan)球(qiu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)來(lai)看(kan)，歐盟是(shi)最大的木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)進口區(qu)域，其次是(shi)亞洲(zhou);出口木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)的國(guo)(guo)家主要包括德(de)國(guo)(guo)、意(yi)大利、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)和日本。從(cong)(cong)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)來(lai)看(kan)，世界木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)在 2006 年(nian)至(zhi)(zhi) 2008 年(nian)快速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，市(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)從(cong)(cong) 72.12 億(yi)美元增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)至(zhi)(zhi) 116.23 億(yi)美元，復合增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)率(lv)達(da)到 26.95%。在 2008 年(nian)之后，受美國(guo)(guo)金融危機(ji)(ji)影響及(ji)歐洲(zhou)爆發(fa)主權(quan)債務(wu)危機(ji)(ji)，歐洲(zhou)和北(bei)美地區(qu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)需(xu)求增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)乏力，導(dao)致全(quan)球(qiu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)增(zeng)速放(fang)緩，2008 年(nian)至(zhi)(zhi) 2012 年(nian)全(quan)球(qiu)木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)(mo)的復合增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)率(lv)只有(you)5.07%。與此同時全(quan)球(qiu)新(xin)興工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)國(guo)(guo)家全(quan)力發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)木(mu)(mu)(mu)材加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行業(ye)(ye)，使(shi)得木(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)快速轉移，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)大陸與越南市(shi)場(chang)(chang)的成長(chang)(chang)最顯(xian)著。

中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)行業(ye)年(nian)總產(chan)值達(da)到 300 億左右，位居全球第一，在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)低(di)端(duan)(duan)市場(chang)占(zhan)據主(zhu)導地位。2006-2015 年(nian)這十年(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)行業(ye)快速發(fa)展，2008 年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)產(chan)值超(chao)過了意大利(li)，2012 年(nian)產(chan)值超(chao)過了德國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，成為全球第一大木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)制造國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。目前中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)產(chan)品(pin)主(zhu)要銷(xiao)往歐盟、美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、俄羅斯(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)東、非洲(zhou)、巴(ba)西、東南亞及澳洲(zhou)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)和(he)地區，其中(zhong)(zhong)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)德國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)出口的(de)最大市場(chang)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)出口的(de)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)產(chan)品(pin)已(yi)在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)低(di)端(duan)(duan)市場(chang)上占(zhan)據主(zhu)導地位。而中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內市場(chang)，中(zhong)(zhong)低(di)端(duan)(duan)產(chan)品(pin)需求基本能(neng)自給滿(man)足，高端(duan)(duan)產(chan)品(pin)則(ze)仍依靠國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外進口。

木工機械行業在市場中存在的問題(ti)

1 產(chan)品技術不完善

想要打開中國木工機(ji)械(xie)市場走向國際化，就要在木工機(ji)械(xie)產品中下工夫，科(ke)研人員(yuan)在引進國外機(ji)械(xie)時(shi)不(bu)能(neng)只認識(shi)到產品外形(xing)的差距而(er)忽略細節。

2 優勝劣(lie)汰，木機行(xing)業將面臨新(xin)的重組

在市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)動下(xia)，只有擁有較(jiao)高質量、符合(he)大眾需求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，才能(neng)擁有廣闊(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)，以此激(ji)發(fa)科研人員創造(zao)出(chu)“第(di)一質量”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，這樣(yang)才能(neng)吸引到顧客，贏得顧客的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)任度，才能(neng)促進顧客消費，企業(ye)才能(neng)提高利潤。而那些(xie)自主研發(fa)有自身(shen)特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創新產(chan)品(pin)(pin)將不懼國際巨頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)威脅，逐(zhu)步在木材機械行業(ye)走(zou)向更長遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展道(dao)路。